解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::To assess the burden of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in a high-risk population, the monthly incidence of laboratory-confirmed MRSA in service members/trainees stationed at Fort Benning, Georgia, USA without hospitalization or surgery documented 30 days prior to infection w...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268810000142
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) disease is a condition of clinical and public health significance. We conducted epidemiological analyses to determine if the presence of gastrointestinal (GI) complaints (diarrhea and/or vomiting) early in the course of invasive GAS disease is associated with either of two severe o...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809990938
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The risk of classical scrapie in sheep is associated with polymorphisms in the prion protein (PrP) gene. In recent years, large-scale selective breeding programmes for sheep at lower risk of disease have been undertaken across the European Union. We analysed large-scale datasets on scrapie and sheep demography to inve...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809990537
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to estimate the sensitivity of three different sampling/testing methodologies for the detection of Salmonella Enteritidis in commercial egg-laying flocks relative to the within-flock prevalence. The following methods were compared on 21 farms: (1) The European Union (EU) baseline survey...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809990598
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::From 1996 to 2004, the incidence of Salmonella Javiana infections increased in FoodNet, the U.S. national active foodborne disease surveillance programme. Contact with amphibians and consumption of tomatoes have been associated with outbreaks of S. Javiana infection. To generate and test hypotheses about risk factors ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809990586
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The screening of 2000 women of childbearing age in Cork between 2004 and 2006 produced 37 erythromycin-resistant group B streptococcus (GBS) isolates. PCR analysis was performed to determine the basis for erythromycin resistance. The ermTR gene was most frequently expressed (n = 19), followed by the ermB gene (n = 8)....
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809990392
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data from the first sentinel site (Waterloo Region, Ontario) of the Canadian Integrated Enteric Disease Surveillance System (C-EnterNet) were used in a secondary-based case-control study of laboratory-confirmed Cryptosporidium infections to study the role of various exposure factors. The incidence of cryptosporidiosis...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809990197
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) regulation in adults is influenced by early psychosocial adversity, but the role of infectious disease history is poorly understood. We studied the association between cumulative pathogen burden and cortisol profile over the day in a sample of 317 healthy men and women aged ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809002738
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Legionnaires' disease (LD) is a major cause of severe community-acquired pneumonia but the source and mode of transmission are not always apparent, especially in sporadic cases. We hypothesized that LD can be acquired from the air-conditioning systems of motor cars. Swabs were taken from the evaporator compartments of...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809002568
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tri-County Health Department investigated an outbreak of cryptosporidiosis linked to a community swimming pool. A cohort study was conducted in 37 persons who were invited to the pool party; 12 (57%) of 21 attendees had primary cryptosporidiosis infection. Risk factors for illness included swimming, getting water in m...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809002696
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emerging infections pose a constant threat to society and can require a substantial response, thus systems to assess the threat level and inform prioritization of resources are essential. A systematic approach to assessing the risk from emerging infections to public health in the UK has been developed. This qualitativ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0950268809990227
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of temperature on reported cases of a number of foodborne illnesses in England and Wales were investigated. We also explored whether the impact of temperature had changed over time. Food poisoning, campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis, Salmonella Typhimurium infections and Salmonella Enteritidis infections we...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809002477
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of carrier animals (those in whom virus persists after recovery from disease or acute infection) and their potential role in the spread of disease remain open questions within foot-and-mouth disease epidemiology. Using simple probabilistic models we attempt to quantify the effect of emergency vaccinatio...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809002349
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within-household transmission of Escherichia coli may contribute to the pathogenesis of urinary tract infection but understanding of transmission is limited by the lack of longitudinal data on individual shedding patterns. In this study, faecal E. coli was isolated over 6 months from 18 humans and 13 dogs in eight hou...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026880900226X
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin D has been shown to be an important immune system regulator. Vitamin D insufficiency during winter may cause increased susceptibility to upper respiratory tract infections (URIs). To determine whether vitamin D supplementation during the winter season prevents or decreases URI symptoms, 162 adults were randomi...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/S0950268809002404
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To gain insight into pertussis disease dynamics, we studied age-specific long-term periodicity and seasonality of pertussis in The Netherlands. Hierarchical time-series models were used to analyse the monthly reported pertussis incidence in January 1996-June 2006 by age group. The incidence of pertussis showed a sligh...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809002489
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) with the type IV staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec) is rarely reported as being acquired in hospital. We report a hospital outbreak, in Grampian, Scotland, of eight cases of skin and soft-tissue infections due to such a strain. Al...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809002234
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the clinical characteristics of, and outcomes and risk factors for hospital mortality of 390 patients admitted with severe sepsis or septic shock in an intensive care unit (ICU). Prospectively collected data from patients collected between 1 July 2004 and 30 June 2006 were analysed. Overall hos...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809002027
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate associations between indicators of livestock farming intensity (manure surplus and livestock density) and acute gastroenteritis hospitalization (AGH) rate, we conducted an ecological study on 306 selected agricultural municipalities of Quebec. We estimated the AGH rate for the period 2000-2004 from the Que...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268808001647
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last decade, a declining prevalence of HCV infection has been described in injecting drug users (IDUs) in different countries. This study is the first to assess temporal trends in drug-injecting patterns, HCV infection rates and viral genotype distribution in 770 Brazilian IDUs, recruited by two cross-sectional...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268808001970
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated two sequential outbreaks of severe diarrhoea in two neighbouring villages of Orissa, in 2005. We conducted descriptive and matched case-control studies. The attack rates were 5.6% (n=62) and 5.2% (n=51), respectively, in the first and second villages. One death was reported in the second village (case ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268808001611
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the incidence, risk factors for, and the influence of bloodstream infections (BSIs) on mortality of patients in intensive-care units (ICUs), prospectively collected data from all patients with a stay in an ICU >48 h, during a 1-year period, were analysed. Of 572 patients, 148 developed a total of 232 BSI ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268808001271
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite being widely recognized as a significant public health problem there are surprisingly few contemporary data available on the incidence of pneumonia in the UK. We conducted a general population-based cohort study to determine the incidence of pneumonia in general practice in the United Kingdom. Data were obtain...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268808001428
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to identify risk factors and assess the impact of coincidental antibiotic therapy on carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Index children from birth to 3 years and their households were recruited from primary health-care registers in four UK general practices. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken monthly f...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268808001143
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, two sheep, eight dromedary camels and two Bactrian camels were inoculated with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) type A SAU 22/92. Five naive dromedary camels and four sheep were kept in direct or indirect contact with the inoculated camels. The inoculated sheep, which served as positive controls, dis...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268808001088
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Belgian data for foodborne norovirus (NoV) outbreaks became available for the first time with the introduction of an extraction and detection protocol for NoV in the National Reference Laboratory for foodborne outbreaks in September 2006. In 2007, 10 NoV foodborne outbreaks were reported affecting 392 persons in B...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268808001830
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The WAIFW matrix (Who Acquires Infection From Whom) is a central parameter in modelling the spread of infectious diseases. The calculation of the basic reproductive number (R0) depends on the assumptions made about the transmission within and between age groups through the structure of the WAIFW matrix and different s...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268808000563
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although Lyme borreliosis is increasingly diagnosed in the United Kingdom, few systematic studies have been performed there. UK data suggest that the commonest complications are neurological, but inadequate information exists about their nature and the incidence of late neuroborreliosis. Local data are necessary becau...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268808000472
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humoral and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) against B. pertussis was assessed in a sample of adolescent, adult and senior subjects distributed in five different geographical areas in Italy. Most (99.1%) subjects had IgG anti-pertussis toxin (PT) antibodies exceeding the minimum detection level [> or = 2 ELISA units (EU)/...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807000192
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many contradictory articles on the infectivity of non-culturable Campylobacter jejuni can be found. We studied the effect of non-culturable C. jejuni in an in vitro assay. To prevent the potential effect of a few culturable bacteria in the non-culturable suspension, INT-407 cells, which mimic the outer cell layer in t...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807000040
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) presents as yearly epidemics in temperate climates. We analysed the association of atmospheric conditions to RSV epidemics in San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Mexico. The weekly number of RSV detections from October 2002 and May 2006 were correlated to ambient temperature, barometric pressure...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807000143
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on the first recorded outbreak of cholera in Namibia. From December 2006 to February 2007, more than 250 cases of cholera were reported from the Omusati and Kunene provinces of Namibia. However, only nine bacterial isolates were obtainable for analysis. Isolates were all identified as Vibrio cholerae O1 sero...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807009685
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The first epidemic of sporotrichosis in humans as a result of zoonotic transmission was identified in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1998. A cross-sectional study was conducted applying questionnaires to patients seen in 2002 at Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute, Fiocruz, with a confirmed diagnosis of sporotricho...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807009727
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::During 2004 and at the start of 2005 a university hospital in Southwest Germany was affected by an extensive outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE). Although the outbreak was contained, linezolid-resistant enterococci emerged during and after the outbreak as the usage of linezolid became more comm...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807009508
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe recent epidemiological changes in salmonellosis. Linking 1968-2000 National Salmonella Surveillance System to census data, we calculated population-based age- and sex-stratified rates of non-urinary salmonellosis for the top 30 non-typhoidal serotypes. Using 1996-1997, 1998-1999, and 2000-2001 population-b...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807009594
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the epidemiological features of three zoonoses in hospitalized patients in southern Croatia. Patients were diagnosed by serological testing. Clinical and epidemiological data were also collected. Between 1982 and 2002, Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) was diagnosed in 126 (incidence rate 1.27/100,000 pe...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807009491
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influenza virus continues to pose a significant threat to public health throughout the world. Current avian influenza outbreaks in humans have heightened the need for improved surveillance and planning. Despite recent advances in the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs, seasonal epidemics of influenza cont...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0950268807009910
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a case-control study examining risk factors for ciprofloxacin resistance in Campylobacter infections that were reported in 2004 and 2005 in two health regions in southern Alberta. The study questionnaire included questions about recent travel and antibiotic use, food consumption frequency, use of househol...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807009296
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of Burkholderia pseudomallei was determined in soil collected from a rural district in Papua New Guinea (PNG) where melioidosis had recently been described, predominately affecting children. In 274 samples, 2.6% tested culture-positive for B. pseudomallei. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis using SpeI d...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807009429
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Empirical data about contact frequencies of children is needed for estimating parameters in mathematical modelling studies that investigate the effect of targeting influenza intervention to children. A survey about the social contacts of school children was conducted in a primary school in Germany. The distribution of...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807009181
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00